The Gilded Age

The Gilded Age †Immigration and Urbanization Immigration and Urbanization during the Gilded Age were doubtlessly a significant issue. A considerable lot of the political pioneers were Immigrants themselves when they began from the base. The contention with them is whether they clutched their underlying foundations. Urbanization during the Gilded age had a loathsome effect for the lower class. Their living surroundings were past undesirable. Having open sewers additionally made sicknesses and defilement. The measure of neediness during this time was very high.The Urbanization of urban communities isolated the classes causing a considerably greater wreckage. The rich and poor no longer lived in similar territories. Rather they each had their own rural areas. (B) Mass sums off individuals were destitute, crime percentages developed at a quick pace, and kids were left starving. Every one of these issues happened as a result of the urbanization. While the poor were living hopeless li ves, the rich had everything they could request enjoy a luxurious lifestyle. (D) The Streets were likewise a dingy spot in any climate condition. At the point when it came down it transformed into disgusting conditions.When it didn’t downpour, the avenues were loaded with dust. The sprinkling in the mid year made the residue into mud and afterward that mud was transformed into dust by the breezes. Regardless of what time it was consistently a horrendous setting. Sewers were stopped up by the oil that originated from the cart axles, asphalts couldn’t even be seen on account of the mass measures of residue. The open sewers filled the air with an unsavory smell on each land. When the residents were worn out on it all the voters before long affected their political pioneers to take care of business. O) We’ve seen these sorts of impacts by the voters in the current day too. The masters of living in a majority rules system is that with the resolve of the individuals t hings can be improved. Religion was likewise a major fever during this time. Reverends during this time concentrated on changing over residents to Christ’s Religion. They concocted a faith in strict cures. These cures were said to cleanse a man’s entire being. They swore they had changed over many foul people by blessing them. They asserted that by doing this, it would liberate them from submitting any social sins.Desires for drinking, outrage, pride, and love were likewise â€Å"removed† and recuperated by the blood of Christ. (K) These various sorts of religions were additionally an explanation with regards to why various gatherings were isolated. Movement during this time was useful for the individuals who utilized. Not all that great for the individuals who were utilized by them. At the point when enormous sums foreigners showed up at once, those in the business brought down the wages realizing that the new migrants would work for any pay. Extended periods o f time and next to no compensation in all likelihood depleted the laborers. Conditions were not the best despite the fact that the organizations guaranteed they were. Q) These issues are still somewhat observed today. Outsiders are as yet being paid whatever the businesses need and it’s clearly not reasonable by any stretch of the imagination. It is such a disgrace, that there is still no answer for this issue. Social contrasts likewise isolated numerous couples. They may have begun cherishing one another while in one of their nations and in the end gotten ready for marriage. The assessments of others could likewise have caused these partitions. The way that couples from two better places could have been the reason for the very making a decision about assessments of others.Those feelings from others could likewise have made similar musings about their accomplices. (V) The information that a portion of the individuals who were joined could have profited the administrations but since of the judgment it turned out to be something else. These variables contributed the awful occasions during the plated age. We despite everything see a considerable lot of those issues in the current day. It makes us consider the various choices that we have so as to change these rehashed inconveniences. It is dependent upon the youthful age to thoroughly consider these things. With many contributing incredible reasoning personalities anything can be tackled The Gilded Age

Similarities Differences Between Asian And Global Financial Crisis Economics Essay

Similitudes Differences Between Asian And Global Financial Crisis Economics Essay Asia Financial Crisis (AFC) in 1997 was begun with downgrading of Thailands baht and followed by Ringgit Malaysia, Philippine Peso, and Indonesian Rupiah. There were a few reasons for the emergency, for example, South East Asia current record shortage, exaggerated resources costs, defilement and macroeconomic arrangement error and overabundance loaning. The vast majority of South East Asia Countries was confronting current record shortage, a few nations had 5% above GDP. They illuminated this deficiency by drawing in inflows of venture from abroad, routinely on transient speculation. This is on the grounds that monetary deregulation and capital progression in the west nations, so it started to convince creating nations to receive free market too. At that point, remote speculation apparently useful for monetary yet really not, the issue isn't from free development of capital anyway that the nation will be subject to outside momentary capital stream. Transient obtaining (for example advances of not exactly a years length) implied there ought to be had fluid resources in the banks account it will causes propelling an enormous piece of their capital inflows were expanding the loaning rate, which straightforwardly some of residential banks effectively look for remote assets from the West to fund the loaning with the outcomes nation will confronting abundance loaning. Besides, the shortcoming of the South East Asian economies was not for all intents and purposes exaggerated their benefits make them frail to a brisk misery. In Thailand property advertise become the shortcoming of money related division, as per Robert Chote (1998) Thailand bank had loaning assets to non bank monetary organization, which is property showcase speculators. It is estimate quarter of bank in Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia was loaning their assets through delegates for property related speculation. The third reasons for AFC has been the inside factor of each creating nation that is gravely sick of defilement and doesn't deal with capital market in a straightforwardness, there was deficient administrative system in business particularly for the bank in South East Asia. For instance in Indonesia, banks could never decline to loan cash to organizations have connection with the previous president Suharto family, the moneylenders simply figure those borrowers would have the option to reimburse the obligation, even the venture fizzled. Another factor was macroeconomic strategies, which is pegging residential money to the US dollar had critical impacts, by keeping up the fixed dollar rate between South East Asian economies basically made their monetary standards appreciate. At that point, when the emergency was build up the swelling of the US dollar give some difficulty to those nations confronting enormous shortage, however it would likewise make it harder to support their deficiency. In this manner the impact of AFC will be influencing in Asia and to the worldwide market. In the Asia area, one of the particular impacts has been the degrading in the incentive against US dollar and for the most part the economy execution can be found in financial exchange, which is the nation in emergency will encounter snappy drops in the securities exchange since financial exchange would probably fall mirror the lower foreseen benefit. Another sign of the money related emergency was loan cost will rise quickly to forestall further debasement of the monetary standards, for instance in Indonesia they raise for the time being financing cost to 300% in 1997, yet at the same time neglected to prevent swapping scale from crumbling. In Malaysia, the stock and the cash showcase about breakdown and furthermore GDP development rate dropped from 7.3% to negative 7.4%, yet the economy conditions recoup in 1999. The worldwide effect of AFC financial strife is required to give impact of certain downturns in monetary development since the emergency started. The downgrading of South East Asian monetary forms will diminish the interest for western products which are making the merchandise more costly to get than expected. Yet, the positive outcome is the development of fare from significant economies. Another effect in downgrading of monetary standards will give exchange favorable position to South East Asian organizations, however the expense to securing resources will be expanded also, as a result, remote direct speculation will drop. Contrasted and current Global Financial Crisis (GFC), the reasons for GFC are connected to the turn down of monetary markets. In US, banking enterprises has been influenced by subprime contract pattern which is more probable from land. As indicated by Krugman (2009) the emergency development from lodging emergency to banking emergency are quick. The effect GFC in budgetary foundation in creating nations in Asia, in certainty the money related organization in creating nation moderately unaffected as they have great reputation on getting and loaning process in this way, it will assist with limiting the hazard. At that point general proposal, for budgetary organization would government should clarify guideline, at that point by subsidizing business sector and supporting difficulty resources showcase it will offer liquidity to bank. Since this is a worldwide issue, it might require participation different nations to make arrangement. In the event of GFC, Asian economies will move gradually, it is on the grounds that a large portion of the nations dependant to remote requests, in this way when US and west nations battle it generally will offer impact to Asian nations. In any case, since AFC a large portion of Asia nations have great major in their economy yet arrangement modifications for every nation to adjust the circumstance are fundamental. The effects of GFC in Malaysia are in outside conversion standard, account segment, banking framework and exchange. Trade rates in Malaysia since de-pegging in from US in 2005 have effect on capital stream to the Ringgit (Ooi, 2008), this devaluation in Ringgit esteem is identified with the interest of portfolio stream and fare segment. This will assist Malaysia with improving their fare for counter worldwide downturn. In fund division, Malaysia have endured enormous effect on capital stream since US budgetary organization more worry to their local market, and in capital stream portfolio is the one generally unpredictable. In Malaysia stock trade, numerous outside players included then when the emergency, numerous remote members take their part back, and influencing to the financial exchange in KLCI. As per Bank Negara Malaysia (2008), low obligation reimbursement by private division and authority part cause diminishing in direct speculation. The effect on banking framework was very leveled out as nearby banks had little relationship with US subprime credit, and furthermore neighborhood bank have gained from AFC in 1997. For exchange, there has huge effect in Malaysia on account of ward on the planet showcase, in 2009 Malaysia made greatest drop in send out rate remembering for produced trade, electronic, farming and regular assets trade. Malaysias sends out have a high connection with their import. So when fares decline, imports additionally decline. Taking everything into account, AFC give great central Asian nations when confronting GFC. At that point both of the emergencies consistently give worldwide effect in financial aspects to all nations on the planet, and as money related emergency all monetary market will be influenced. The distinctions are only the volume of the effect and how they will discover the answer for deal with their concern. QUESTION 2 Talk about in detail on the effect of Capital Control forced by the Malaysian Government in 1998 on the economy when all is said in done, giving exceptional thought on the pegging of Malaysian Ringgit against USD. In 1957, Malaysia receive gliding swapping scale that lone unstable around RM 2.50. During the gliding conversion scale in 1991 1997, the development of GDP in Malaysia was higher and was determined roughly at 9.2 percent a year. Then again, during the budgetary emergency, the monetary development got negative. Also, in 1999, the development began to recuperate from - 7.6 per a year to 6.1 percent a year. This condition can be occurred because of the financial specialists certainty has recuperated and the business began the extension development (Talib, nd). Money related emergency in 1998 made disaster nations in Asia, for example, Indonesia, South Korea, Thailand, Philippines and Malaysia. In those years, each nation in Asia was keeping itself from the emergency by cautious technique. It is likewise trailed by IMF term that each nation needs to fix their capital and trade control. This move is made due to guarantee the financial specialists certainty and stem capital outpouring. Then again, Malaysia tested it by forcing limitation on capital repatriation by remote speculator and on seaward exchanging of ringgit-named resources (Sharma, 2003). As per Sharma in The Malaysian Capital Control Regime of 1998, she expressed that because of capital control, it downturn the financial in Malaysia. For instance, trade in electronic particularly indicated low interest and ascents of lower cost makers. She included likewise that the cost of the private and business property increment. Besides, sponsorships are required in businesses, for example, vehicles, concrete, steel and others. However, the problematic is the falling in the benefits nature of the bank as a result of the uncontrolled fast credit development that made theoretical value bubbles occurred. Additionally there was distinction in resources and liabilities that made the market powerless and truly uncovered. In this way, when budgetary emergency in Asia occurred, Malaysian Ringgit turned out to be unstable and the exchanging of Ringgit against USD at RM 4.22 per 1 USD. In this way government settled on choice to peg the Ringgit with USD at RM 3.82 per 1 USD. The Malaysian government worry about the economy in Malaysia as well as the virtual pegging of Malaysian Ringgit against USD. Around then Malaysian Ringgit debilitated against USD, this is on the grounds that the boundless cash exchanging market. Numerous examiners that short or sell the Malaysian Ringgit if there should arise an occurrence of deteriorated (Sharma, 2003). Malaysia likewise forces limitation on conversion scale exchange to forestall examiner take position against ringgit and furthermore to ensure remote trade res

Prozac Withdrawal Symptoms, Timeline & Treatment

Prozac Withdrawal Symptoms, Timeline & Treatment Depression Treatment Medication Print How Long Does Withdrawal From Prozac Last? By Corinne O’Keefe Osborn linkedin Corinne Osborn is an award-winning health and wellness journalist with a background in substance abuse, sexual health, and psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Corinne O’Keefe Osborn Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 01, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on September 01, 2019 Emily Roberts / Verywell More in Depression Treatment Medication Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Types Childhood Depression Suicide In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Signs & Symptoms Coping & Relief Warnings Long-Term Treatment Resources View All Back To Top Prozac is a well-known antidepressant that is used to treat a variety of disorders, including major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders, and some eating disorders. Prozac (fluoxetine) belongs to a class of medications known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These drugs increase the amount of serotonin in your brain, which helps improve your mental health. When you stop taking an SSRI like Prozac, you may experience withdrawal symptoms while your brain adjusts to lower levels of serotonin.   Overview Antidepressants like Prozac are among the most commonly prescribed medications in America. In a given month, more than 40 million people take an antidepressant. As antidepressant use grew over the past two decades, more and more people began to realize how hard it is to quit. About one in four people on antidepressants have been taking them for ten years or more.?? One of the reasons long-term antidepressant use is so common is that people are afraid to stop taking them. These concerns center around the potential for relapse of symptoms and possible withdrawal. These fears are not entirely unfounded. SSRI withdrawal is a well-established condition. More than half (56%) of people who quit antidepressants experience withdrawal symptoms such as irritability, dizziness, nausea, and prickling sensations. Going off antidepressants can also increase your risk of relapse, including the return of symptoms of depression anxiety. Quitting also increases your risk of suicidal behavior.??  It is important to work with your doctor to weigh these risks against the potential risks of continuing Prozac. Prozac has a number of side effects that can have a negative impact on your life. While many of Prozac’s side effects dissipate over time, the sexual side effects tend to continue as long as you remain on the drug. Sexual side effects are a common motivator for people to stop taking Prozac.?? Signs Symptoms The good news is that among the SSRIs, Prozac is the least likely to cause withdrawal symptoms. The reason for this is Prozac’s long half-life. A drug’s half-life is the time it takes for 50% of the drug to be effectively eliminated from your body. Most antidepressants are half out of the body in under 24 hours, but Prozac’s half-life is four to six days.??  Withdrawal symptoms typically begin when a drug is about 90% out of your body. With Prozac, this can take up to 25 days.?? Prozac is unique among the antidepressants because withdrawal symptoms typically don’t appear for several weeks. Unfortunately, it’s a bit of a double-edged sword, because Prozac withdrawal symptoms also tend to last longerâ€"about two months.?? The longer timeline associated with Prozac withdrawal increases the risk of misdiagnosis. Because withdrawal symptoms appear later and last longer, it is often mistaken for a relapse. This may lead people to unnecessarily start taking antidepressants again. Recognizing the signs of Prozac withdrawal, along with the extended timeline on which they occur, can help you distinguish withdrawal symptoms from relapse.  Symptoms associated with SSRI withdrawal are varied, affecting many different systems. Digestive. You may experience nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea, or appetite loss.Balance. You may become dizzy or lightheaded, sometimes making it difficult to walk.Sleep problems. You may have nightmares, unusual dreams, excessive/vivid dreams, or insomnia.Overall. You may have flu-like symptoms including headache, muscle pain, weakness, and tiredness.Mood. You may have extreme anxiety, agitation, panic, suicidal ideation, depression, irritability, anger, mania, or mood swings.Bizarre sensations. You may experience brain zaps (like an electrical shock or shiver in your brain), pins and needles, ringing in the ears, strange tastes, or hypersensitivity to sound.Motor control. You may have tremors, muscle tension, restless legs, unsteady gait, or difficulty controlling speech and chewing movements.?? Prozac withdrawal symptoms can range from mildly bothersome to severe and incapacitating. The Discontinuation-Emergent Signs and Symptoms Scale, or DESS, is a checklist you can use to evaluate your symptoms and their severity. How Long Should You Expect Withdrawal Symptoms to Last? Coping Relief Quitting Prozac doesn’t have to be a nightmare. If you are worried about withdrawal, your doctor may recommend tapering your dose. When you taper your dose, by taking progressively smaller doses over a period of time, you can often prevent or reduce withdrawal symptoms. Your doctor may recommend a short taper of one to two weeks (as given the long half life of prozac, in some respects it tapers itself) or a longer taper that plays out over the course of several weeks or months. Recent research suggests that a longer taper (at least one month) that continues until your dose is down to zero, is the best way to minimize SSRI withdrawal.  ??  If you are currently experiencing withdrawal symptoms, there are ways to ease your discomfort, including: Therapy. Psychotherapy can help you better manage anxiety, and even reduce your chances of relapse.Social support. Tell your friends and family that you are experiencing withdrawal symptoms, this can help prevent conflict and discord.Fitness. A healthy amount of physical activity, about 45 minutes of moderate activity three times a week, can reduce stress and irritability.  Herbal remedies. Over-the-counter (OTC) supplements like valerian root and melatonin can help relieve insomnia.OTC medications. Headaches and stomachaches can be treated with OTC pain relievers and anti-nausea medications.   Warnings When quitting Prozac, there is a risk that symptoms of major depression will return in spades. Studies have shown that when your dose is changed or stopped, you may be at an increased risk for suicidal thoughts, behaviors, and actions. The risk may be greater for children, teens, and young adults.?? Prozac comes with a black box warning (the FDA’s most serious warning) stating that children, teens, and young adults are at increased risk of suicidal ideation when starting these medications. They may also recommend close observation during, changing, or discontinuing their dose. ??   In the weeks and months following Prozac discontinuation, it is important to look out for suicidal behaviors. Signs of suicidal ideation include: Planning how you would commit suicide if you were going to do itTalking or thinking about suicide more than normal, for example, “I wish I were dead”Gathering the means to commit suicide, such as bullets or pillsFeeling hopeless or trappedHaving intense mood swingsEngaging in risky or self-destructive activities, such as driving drunkBecoming preoccupied with death, dying, or violenceGetting affairs in order or giving away belongingsSaying goodbye to people as if it were the last time  ?? There are also risks of Prozac overdose, so make sure you seek immediate care. Long-Term Treatment After you stop taking Prozac, your long-term outlook will depend on your particular circumstances. If you are quitting Prozac because you find the side effects to be intolerable, then you will want to work with your doctor to find an alternative medication. There are many other antidepressants with lower rates of side effects that may be equally or even more effective at improving your moods. About 50% of people who recover from one episode of depression will have more depressive episodes in their lifetime. ?? You may want to take other actions to reduce your risk of relapse. Psychotherapy (talk therapy) is an evidence-based treatment for depression, anxiety, OCD, and PTSD. Researchers at Harvard Medical School and other universities have found that people who participate in psychotherapy while discontinuing antidepressants are less likely to relapse than those who do not. ?? Resources If you or someone you love is experiencing suicidal thoughts, call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (1-800-273-8255). You will be connected with staff or volunteers at a crisis center near you. The people on the other end of the line can help you calm down and figure out what to do next. If your doctor isn’t helping, consider finding a new psychiatrist, psychologist, or therapist in your area. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) has a searchable directory of qualified providers. You can also call them at 1-800-662-HELP (4357). If you have health insurance, you can also search the company’s list of local providers who accept your insurance. A Word From Verywell When Prozac first arrived on the scene, it helped a lot of people. Today, there are many alternative antidepressants, so if you need to come off Prozac, there are ways to do this with your doctor safely and effectively. What Are Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors?

Taking a Look at the Diarrhea Disease - 1275 Words

Known infectious diseases are result from exposure to microbes (bacteria, virus, fungi) that are not naturally present in the body either directly or indirectly, in many ways including: breathing, urine, animals. Where to enter the body through the skin or mouth and sexual organ. According to (Shetly.N,Tany.W,and Andrews.J,2009) infection disease defined an illness due to specific infectious agent or its toxic product that arises through transmission of that agent. Hygiene practice became widespread in communities and between individuals, causing it to reduce the spread and suffering from infectious diseases, which can be described personal hygiene as The principle of maintaining cleanliness and grooming of the external body(Johnson.J,2014)The second thing that contributed to the eradication of infectious diseases is to use health promote approach which means the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants, and thereby improve their he alth.( World Health Organizations , 2005) Infectious diseases still pose a major threat to the world, and here focus on the diarrhea disease as one of the most infection disease that can result from poor hygiene. 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Normally, the small intestine and the first part of the large intestine are the affected areas of Crohn’s disease, but may develop anywhere in the digestiveRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1196 Words   |  5 PagesAre you taking any prescription/nonprescription medications? 4. What religion are you? 5. Is there any religious restrictions or practices? Nutrition: 1. Are you in any kind of diet? 2. Do you take any vitamins/supplements? 3. Do you have any difficulty swallowing? Sleep/Rest: 1. How many hours do you sleep? 2. Do you take any medication to sleep? 3. Do you have any sleep apnea? Elimination: 1. How often do you have bowel movement? 2. Do you have any constipation or diarrhea? 3. DoRead MoreEssay On Food1545 Words   |  7 PagesHowever, adverse side effects attributed to drugs containing statin, pushed consumers to begin looking for better, much safer alternative drugs to lower cholesterol levels. 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Rights of Leadership The Propaganda of Race and Class...

Rights of Leadership: The Propaganda of Race and Class During the Abolitionist Movement Henry Highland Garnet and William Lloyd Garrison were two of the most instrumental leaders of the Abolitionist Movement. Their social backgrounds and experiences were responsible for contrasting the two leaders and influenced their approaches, beliefs and solutions to the abolishment of slavery. Their opinions and approaches were voiced in terms of the role of the political process, the role of moral persuasion and the role of violence as a means to an end. Though both Garnet and Garrison shared a common interest in the anti-slavery movement they differed greatly in their rhetoric and advocacy styles and techniques. Garrison, who was from a poor†¦show more content†¦In 1834, Garnet read in Garrisons Liberator a notice for Noyes Academy formed by abolitionists in Canaan, New Hampshire, that admitted colored youth of good character on equal terms with whites of like character. (Schor 12). At Noyes, he learned to articulate his earlier feelings of anger towards solutions that included nonviolent, moral suasionist views, ideologies that were promoted at Noyes. After repeated personal attacks, Garnet reluctantly abandoned his nonviolent doctrines. This led him to form an alliance with Walker who also believed the end justifies the means. Unlike Garrison who believed that people were capable of infinite improvement Garnet believed it was sinful not to use violence. Garnets resistance, though more extreme that Garrisons, appeared appr opriate, even moderate because of the turmoil in the climate of the country that led to the civil war. Both Garrison and Garnet shared a belief in the importance of the written word and speech. Garrison who was convicted of libel for denouncing a Newberryport merchant, was sentenced to jail, during which time he also published a pamphlet that became widely circulated. Through his pamphlets and his anti-slavery newspapers, he was able to spread his message. Garrison effectively used his rhetoric to organize the American Anti-Slavery society in 1833. He argued that slavery was evil because it perpetuated inhuman relationships as did politics in a male dominated society. Garnet was known forShow MoreRelatedLa Ultima Cena5991 Words   |  24 Pagesslaves, in every meaning of the words, to a vast majority of the world due the ignorance of the human race. The movie, The Last Supper, by Tomas Gutierrez Alea depicts the interaction and relationships of the denizens of a sugar plantation in Cuba during the eighteen hundreds. All from the Count to the overseer and slaves had ways of interacti ng with one another, which was mostly decided on their race and social status. The movie deals with various topics that defined that era in time and there are

Women in the Military Free Essays

string(282) " establishing their responsibilities in the military forces and at home as mothers, in an attempt of proving to the society and men in the military of their capabilities in addressing the two responsibilities to earn the same treatment and respect accorded to man \(Mitchell 256\)\." Gender discrimination is a paradigm that has affected the role of women in the society depicting her as a minority contributor. Although the number of women in the military continuously increases this mishap is predominantly depicted because women are not allowed to engage in most combat duties as their counterpart male partners in most countries for example Germany, Spain and Italy. This further stimulates the physical and mental characteristics of men and women which argue against the support of women in the battle field. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in the Military or any similar topic only for you Order Now Women are perceived to be weaker than men because of their body structure which contains less dense skeletal systems thus have a higher possibility of fracturing or breaking their body parts. It is also argued that women’s bodies cannot handle the g-forces that are part and parcel of combat pilots therefore, less regarded in the aviation unit. Moreover, women are perceived as more prone to health risks than men thus highly vulnerable. A fact the submarine departments relies on to deny women career opportunities in this field (Adeboyejo 7-15). Women are also considered as psychologically incompetent because men lack the confidence of women performing similar duties as them thus mistrusts them. Men are likely to develop sexual relationship with the women thus affecting their performances. This also leads to unwanted pregnancies which incapacitates the role of the women. Furthermore, women are more likely to be captured by war enemies to be later subjected to dehumanizing acts such as sexual harassment and torture. Cultural practices and beliefs also perpetuate gender discrimination in military as these practices do not allow women to perform military tasks which are regarded as men’s role. Women who engage in this practice are considered as sexually promiscuous and therefore alienated from the community. Therefore, women are forced to prove their competence more than men to counter these allegations (Silva 937-960). This report aims at sharing the views and experiences of women in the military to enable the society to broaden its perspective and knowledge in an attempt of dispelling this paradigm and improve the situation for other younger women who desire to purse military as their career. History of Women in US Military The role of women in the US military was highly emphasized from the early 1900s though gender discrepancy took the toll of their activities and they were not allowed to engage in many tasks that military men were involved in. For instance in 1917 women were recruited as military nurses and doctors to tend to the injured men. Between 1940 and 1943 women were allowed to volunteer their services into the military forces where military curriculum was prevailed to their vicinity. However, they were given small ranks and duties such as being auxiliary corps and administrative officers while the men were their bosses. In the 1990s women were allowed to involve themselves with combat roles though were not accorded the opportunity to participate in the front lines. They were given small menial tasks such as carrying heavy war equipments and weapons to the front lines (Baker 12-238). Lately the role of women in the military have been further defined as a small percentage engages in the combat duties, submarine operations and aviation duties such as military pilots as bans that restricted women from flying aviation planes and ships have been lifted, for instance approximately 170,000 military women are among the US forces deployed in Iraq and Afghanistan (Baker 205). However, they still have to concentrate on proving their competence to the men and the traditional society (Baker 183-227). Hardships that Women in the Military Face Civilization has not totally eradicated this phenomenon as the appointment of officers is still not fairly done because women are treated as the minority which favors the men availing more appointment vacancies to them. Also the selection criteria for women is higher in comparison to that of men as conducted research depicts women in this field to be more learned than men. Therefore, women need to prove their confidence as there are very limited slots for their enrollment into the combat unit for instance in America approximately 15% of the women in the military force are allowed to serve in the combat unit (Mitchell 176). Women also still have to face sexual abuse and molestation from their counter parts while conducting their tasks. On the contrary this unjustly actions go unpunished as women who report such incidents are perceived as weak and thus cannot handle pressure and danger (Onesto para2-5). On the other hand the life of military women who report the incidents are made miserable while in the force by men who would go to extents of killing those women as a teaching guide to others to keep their mouths shut. For example Spc. Kamisha who was murdered in cold blood by her assaulter who she had previously reported three times (Creveld 85). Clearly these complaints in most occasions fall on deaf ears thus perpetuating the criminal offense. For instance in reference to the above case, Spc. Kamisha had reported her assaulter three times with no stern action being taken against him. This increases the vigor of women as they attempt to overcome this predicament and shun it while trying to prosper in the military field. Military women are also commanding for respect and recognition of their rights from the male counterparts, the society and traditional beliefs (Creveld 82-98). It is also quite evident that men in the military receive recognition and acknowledgment for their efforts and success unlike women who have to fight for this provision by demanding popularity in the force which prevails opportunities for them to prove their competence. Also the fact that women are supposed to serve their families and fully dedicate their lives to family responsibilities has increased the campaigns against the incorporation of women in the combat unit especially in countries where Muslim as a religion is prevalent. Therefore, women try to perform dual duties of establishing their responsibilities in the military forces and at home as mothers, in an attempt of proving to the society and men in the military of their capabilities in addressing the two responsibilities to earn the same treatment and respect accorded to man (Mitchell 256). You read "Women in the Military" in category "Papers" The society has depicted two different stereotypes in the human race where men are portrayed as more analytical than women thus performs their duties better than women. In the event women in the military have to emanate more effort so as to be accorded the same treatment as men and allowed to engage in tasks that men are involved in, for instance submarine and aviation activities. Therefore, women have to maximize on their liberation from administrative and cultural constraints to portray their independence and unshakable attitude to discern this allegations and prove their abilities to work under pressure depicting analytical skills (Hogg para. 3-6). Current Status of Women in the US Military. In the past women were banned from participating into ground combat activities as they did not fulfill the criteria set in the physical test standards. Currently these standards have been re-evaluated and changed to allow more women to perform combat duties as men because of the high demand for military troops to perpetuate peace in Iraq and Afghanistan. In the event women have been allowed to perform their civic responsibilities however, women are still demanding equal civic promotions and acknowledgment. This initiative has still not been fully approved even though implementation steps have taken place. Critics of this move argue that this provision will disrupt the cohesion of men while on duty thereby decreasing their performance and concentration. Also, more women are being recruited into military camps and marine forces. Furthermore, the women are now being trained to defend themselves against sexual harassment and discrimination to avert the inhuman vices that surround them (Manning 7-12). Conclusion The society, government, ethicists and critics should aim at stipulating legislations that support military women to enable them to develop their careers by availing the same treatment accorded to men and in the event protect their rights. Therefore, military women should volunteer to share their experiences both the hard times and jovial moments to enable effective publication of the social injustices they undergo and thus perpetuate the eradication of gender discrepancies in the military, thereby allowing more female youths with the desire of perpetuating their civic responsibility as military agents to do so with ease and pleasure. Word Count: 1413 Annotated Bibliography Adeboyejo, Betsy. â€Å"Women in the Military Face Increasing Opportunity and Risk. † Crisis (15591573). 110. 3 (2003): 7-15. Adeboyejo outlines the increased opportunities for recruiting women in the military as they are can now engage in Marine Corps and aviation unit activities. However, the author stipulates the risks that women have to face while in the military and sends an outcry to the relevant authority challenging them to re-evaluate their policies and improve the working environment for women. Baker, Anni. Life in the U. S. Armed Forces: (not) Just Another Job. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2008. The author gives the history of women in the military and the development the career has undergone. She further elaborates the duties of both women and men in the military outlining the dedication they put to protect the residents of their countries. Furthermore, she explains that they need to be highly regarded and respected for the work they do is cannot be compensated. Anni also encourages the youths to consider military as their career prospectus because it will give them a chance to fulfill their civic duty and thus reduce the crime rate in the society. Creveld, Van. â€Å"Armed But Not Dangerous: Women in the Israeli Military†. War in History. 7. 1 (2000): 82-98. The author explains the hardships that women in the military face. He further liberates the practice of women always being armed because he describes it as a mechanism for protecting themselves from unethical behaviors that deny them their rights. Hogg, Jennifer. Military Women – Ready to Rock the Boat 18th, July, 2008. Women’s Media Center. 22nd, May, 2008. http://www. womensmediacenter. com/ex/071808. html. Jennifer Hogg an author in the Women’s Media Center published this document with the aim of outlining issues that curb the development of women. She discusses the role the society, government and traditional practices plays in advocating for gender inequality. She uses the military career for women as an example and elaborates what these women face while trying to prove their self worth. Manning, Lory. â€Å"Military Women†. Women’s Review of Books. 21. 5 (2004): 7-12. The author studies the life of women who peruse military as their career. The conditions and attitudes that the women in the military display are well elaborated in the journal. The author also mentions the struggle that the women have done to improve the condition of their career which has had a positive impact on the perception of the society and government bodies. Mitchell, Brian. Women in the Military: Flirting with Disaster. Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing, 1998. The author explains the kind of conditions women in the military undergo describing the career as a disaster. He outlines the hardships women have to dwell with everyday and the extent the mechanisms they have adopted to be able to shun the paradigm of gender discrepancy. Onesto, Li. Reality for Women in the U. S. Military: Rape in Uniform. 8th, December, 1996. Revolutionary Worker #886. 22nd, May, 2009. http://rwor. org. Onesto, Li a revolutionary worker wrote this piece with the aim of uncovering the sexual harassment, molestation and abuse women in the military face. She explains that when she was on duty the things she saw were horrific as women would get gang raped and not report the i ncident for fear of her life. Onesto says that those incidents broke her heart thus decided to air out the grievances that women in the military face in an attempt of attracting the attention of the relevant authority. Silva, Jennifer. â€Å"A New Generation of Women? : How Female ROTC Cadets Negotiate the Tension between Masculine Military Culture and Traditional Femininity. † The University of North Carolina Press 87. 2 (2008): 937-960. The author conducted interviews on, military women and men in the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps to learn how women surpass the allegation aired out because of going against traditional practices and indulging themselves in masculine activities. How to cite Women in the Military, Papers

Global Intelligence Community Essay Example For Students

Global Intelligence Community Essay 2 SEP 2002GLOBAL INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITYThen need for the intelligence community to grow has become obvious. There is no longer a safety zone within the United States against global threats. The position that the United States took after the War of 1812, actually the war that lasted from 1812 to 1815, was known as the Monroe Doctrine, and this standard of protecting America only has been the cornerstone of all policies even after World War II. The twenty-first century will require more than the United States own intelligence effort. The need for a global intelligence action has become apparent. On September 11, 2001 terrorism from abroad became a reality. There is no way for the United States to prevent future attacks on Americans without working as a coalition force with the other nations to identify, track, and eliminate terrorist networks around the world. One of the main problems with fighting a war on terrorism is that the nations of the world have become to accustomed to working alone as individuals vice working together. The United States will need to change its approach in order to conquer the worldwide threat of terrorism. The way to defeat terrorism at home and around the world is to form an international counter-terrorist task force. In order to prevent future acts of terrorism on the United States and around the globe, the free-nations of the world will have to come together and form a large task force to counter against the terrorist threat. The main problem with forming a world wide counter-terrorist headquarters is that there is no one single definition of terrorism. Each country has a definition of the word terrorism based on the political stance that the country takes on use of force (UNITAR, 29). The United Nations must first come up with a clear definition of terrorism in order to facilitate the creation of an international counter-terrorist organization. Once an international organization is established free-world nations will help to compile a detailed database of suspected terrorists and terrorist activities. Such items would include: the plutonium market, human intelligence reports, money trails of terrorist funds, etc. With a large database as the main weapon utilized by the organization, the individ ual nations could have information at their fingertips in order to make quick and timely decisions about individual nations national security. With an international counter-terrorist database the different nations of the world would be able to work together to solve terrorism dilemmas. One of the main problems with fighting terrorists is the constant movement of goods, property, and people from nation to nation. In the United States alone, 8.8 billion dollars worth of goods and 1.3 million people enter the nation everyday, but the United States Customs Service is only able to inspect about 2 percent of inbound traffic (Thornberry). With an organized customs and contraband team working under an international counter-terrorism organization, all goods and personal property could be regulated prior to crossing any international borders. As for the people traveling, extensive background checks will be preformed prior to persons boarding flights with this large centralized database. Any p arties thought to have terrorist associations could automatically be detained to find out what the reason for travel is, or at least long enough to check thoroughly the individuals body and carry-on for any contraband. Another responsibility of the international counter-terrorism task force is to educate all people worldwide of the effects and repercussions that these terrorists and the terrorist organizations are inflicting on everyone. The lesson that the American media taught through coverage of the Oklahoma City bombing was that Americans do not like to see other Americans being killed (Grosscup, 117). The same philosophy may be the key to the international success of attacking terrorism and as well as lead a good majority of the worldwide population to shun these terrorist organizations. Granted this technique will not work on all people, but reduction in the number of active terrorists as well as those that may sympathize with terrorist movements makes the mission of the war o n terrorism easier. As long as the people of the world are educated on the fanatical acts that are taking the lives of innocent and decent citizens, the possibility of siding against a terrorist organization becomes greater. Another part of educating, which has had more than substantial results, is to utilize the media for an international most wanted list. To many times the most wanted lists are put out and the only people to see them are government employees. The show Americas Most Wanted has resulted in a 94 percent capture rate of the criminals profiled according to a recent CNN report. The reward is partially an incentive, but the greater reward of peace of mind is what motivates the everyday citizen to pick up the telephone and make the world a safer place. An approach similar to this can be adapted for the international scene utilizing all mediums (internet, newspaper, television, radio, etc.) to disseminate information on the terrorists and the organizations that are respons ible for terrorist actions. The approach of using the all-available media to contact as many people as possible will help to bring a good majority of the terrorists to justice. With the implementation of an international counter-terrorism task force, the individual nations will not only have the assets of each others information, but each others personal skills as well. The situation where one nation may want to coordinate a human intelligence operation, but may not have enough manpower to properly set the mission up can be solved with virtually unlimited skilled personnel trained to adapt to the said mission. The international task force would be able to set up a translation center as well, allowing foreign-language translators to more easily assist investigators of terrorists from anywhere in the country. The assets for setting up an international counter-terrorist task force are already established. The many different national counter-terrorist task forces that already exist all have the basic same goals of ridding the world of all threats to peace. The only thing that the international community needs is to do is work together against the evil terrorist forces that have set out to destroy the very fundamental right that the majority of the world has come to enjoy: The right to enjoy a life without fear. The events of September 11, 2001 will continue to haunt the world until the world fights back with an effective plan to prevent future attacks. In order for any nation to be safe from the evils of terrorism the nations of the free world need to unite against the forces of hatred and fight back together. By forming an international counter-terrorist task force, the world will be better prepared to defeat terrorism. .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919 , .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919 .postImageUrl , .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919 , .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919:hover , .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919:visited , .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919:active { border:0!important; } .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919:active , .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919 .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6f0c310639ab5434c1bd3fe208398919:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Sixteenth Birthday Party EssayWORKS CITEDGrosscup, Beau. THE NEWEST EXPLOSIONS OF TERRORISM. FarHills: New Horizons, 1998. Thornberry, Mac; Congressman. FDCH Congressional Testimony. 24 Apr 2001. UNITAR (United Nations Institute for Training andResearch). GLOBAL TERRORISM. AMU Reprint: New York, 2000.

Augustus Essay Example

Augustus Essay Octavian better known as Augustus was the adopted son of Julius Caesar. Caesar was assassinated by a group of senators led by Brutus and Cassius on the steps of the Roman senate on March 15, 44 B.C. The assasins thought that Caesar was hiring uneligible people as representatives. The senators thought by killing Caesar it would bring peace upon Rome, but it just brought upon a civil war. After the assassination a long time associate of Caesars, Mark Antony and Octavian were on a quest to avenge Caesars death. After a while Antony and Octavian turned on each other. Octavian steadily gained more and more terrain and the support of many Romans by telling them that Mark Antony was plotting against them with the queen of Egypt. Subsequent to Octavian basically winning over the Roman people Antony and Cleopatra commited suicide leaving Octavian in complete power over Rome. Octavian wanted to, like his father to turn Romes government into a established political structure. This would be a e xtremely difficult task for Octavian to complete because of Romes strong republican background and them believing that the government was brought to them by the gods. Octavian did not want to scare the Roman people or senate by them thinking that he was some sort of tyrant, thus he had to reestablish laws and employ officials where he saw fit to uphold a political system to his like. Before Augustus came into power many Romans thought that their gods have given up on them and just left them to be in constant war. The Roman people thought that Augustuss military competence led the gods to be on his and their side. Augustus hired many writers and sculptors to brighten up the city of Rome and liven the spirits of his people. Many poems written about Augustus in essence glorified him and brought more popularity upon him. Yet their were some writers who openly criticized him to many different effects. Augustus Essay Example Augustus Paper Augustus Caesaar is known as one of the most prominent and capable leaders in Roman history. Born as Gaius Octavius Thurnius, Augustus became a member of the Second Triumvirate. He eventually defeated the army of his fellow Triumvirate member, Marcus Antonius and became sole ruler of Rome. Octavius was renamed Augustus by the Roman Senate and the era of Pax Romana (Roman peace) was ushered in. Pax Romana lasted for two hundred years. This era, known as the Golden Age, is the longest period in time that there has been peace in human history. Gaius Octavius Thurnius was born on September 23, 63 B.C. to Atia, who was the niece of Julius Caesar.Julius Caesar was the dictator of Rome at this time. Octaviansfirst public appearance came when he was twelve years old, in 51 B.C.His grandmother Julia died and he delivered the eulogy at her funeral.Octavius was adopted by Julius Caesar and after the assassination of Julius on March 15, 44 B.C. (The Ides Of March) Rome plunged into chaos (Matthe ws, 108).Due to the fact that Julius Caesar had put Octavian in his will, Octavian had the right to the name Caesar and assumed the name C. Julius Caesar Octavianus.The nineteen-year-old Octavian was given minimal power by the senate in 43 B.C., only to have it taken away again.Angered by this move by the senate, Octavian formed an alliance called the Second Triumvirate with Marcus Antonius and Marcus Lepidus.Marcus Antonius took control of Egypt, and Marcus Lepidus assumed power in North Africa while Octavian ruled Italy, Gaul, France and Spain.Thefirst actions of the members of the Second Triumvirate were to kill the great speaker and writer Cicero along with more than a hundred other senators and knights.Their next move was to avenge the murder of Julius Caesar and to move against the Senators under the leadership of Brutus and Cassius.Brutus and Cassius were defeated and killed at the battle of Philippi in Mac

Essay on The Genesis of self and social control

Essay on The Genesis of self and social control Essay on The Genesis of self and social control Essay on The Genesis of self and social controlThe issue about the nature and role of individual identity has been widely discussed by sociologists. According to Robert Brym and John Lie (2009), the connection between the individual identity and the larger society is a â€Å"focus† for many sociologists, including George Herbert Mead and Erving Goffman (p. 13).   Both sociologists were focused on the study of individual identity, placing emphasis on the role of interaction with other people. The studies of George Herbert Mead and Erving Goffman contributed to the development of symbolic interactionism as their views have very much in common (Burkitt, 1991).   However, there are certain differences between George Herbert Mead’s and Erving Goffman’s interpretations of the constitution and reproduction of individual identity. From sociological perspective, the concept of individual identity refers to the study of the relationships between individual behaviors an d collectivity. The ideas of George Herbert Mead and Erving Goffman regarding individual identity are influential in shaping the model of individual identity. According to Richard Jenkins (2014), â€Å"individual identity embodied in selfhood – is not a meaningful proposition in isolation from the human world of other people†(p. 42). Both Mead and Goffman make efforts to interpret the constitution and reproduction of individual identity, but they do it in different ways.The major goal of this paper is to compare and contrast George Herbert Mead’s and Erving Goffman’s interpretations of the constitution and reproduction of individual identity. Besides, it is necessary to define whether one of these approaches to individual identity superior to the other.George Herbert Mead’s interpretations of the constitutionand reproduction of individual identityGeorge Herbert Mead’s interpretation of the constitution and reproduction of individual identit y is based on psychological approach to the study of the role of interaction with other people. As the sociologist, Mead is interested in the study of identity, placing emphasis on its development in social context. He states that identity is part of the individual’s character (Mead, 1925; Goffman, 1971).Actually, George Herbert Mead’s original and groundbreaking conception of the interrelationship of self and society is influential. Mead’s understanding of the self reflects the role of the intersubjective character of social action (Jenkins, 2014). He explores various issues regarding the construction of individual identity, including how an individual’s sense of identity can be derived from the relationship of the self to the other (Burkitt, 1991).   In other words, Mead believes that through an individual’s interaction, it is possible to arrive at a sense of identity (Mead, 1925; Brym Lie, 2009). One’s own individual identity can be ac hieved through the application of general conception of society.In addition, Mead introduces a number of different categories and dichotomies, which help to better understand the nature of self and society. Mead’s interpretation of intersubjectivity is one of the most important issues in the field. In his works, Mead’s ideas are connected with the desire to have an understanding of life â€Å"as a process and not a series of static physicochemical situations† (Mead, 1925, p. 251). Mead rejects the use of metaphysical explanations regarding life processes. He is focused on subjective explanation of life, placing emphasis on the understanding of self as the product of the so-called social act. According to Mead (1925), â€Å"selves exist only in relation to other selves†(p. 278). This fact means that selves depend on others, and they cannot exist without a community of other individuals. The major argument made by Mead is that the social refers to the form of generalization of others, influencing the development of one’s own individual identity, which implies that â€Å"the mind is itself intersubjectively constituted† (Mead, 1925).According to Mead, individual identity can be described as the product of human communication that provides certain roles to individuals. Actually, the concept of the role forms the basis of his study of identity. Mead was a philosopher and psychologist; therefore, his view of individual identity is based on some philosophical thinking. He managed to create a â€Å"theory of the social origin of human selves† (Goffman, E.1971, p.28). According to Mead, it is impossible to separate the theory of human behavior from the theory of the mind. He developed the concept of social behaviorism to emphasize the role of individual identity and behavior in social interaction.For Mead, the concept of â€Å"the self† is connected with symbolic experience of individuals (Mead, 1934). Mead believ es that reality is established in the process of human interaction. He writes,Symbolization constitutes objects not constituted before, objects that would not exist except for the context of social relationships wherein symbolization occurs. Language does not simply symbolize a situation or object which is already there in advance; it makes possible the existence or appearance of that situation or object, for it is a part of the mechanism whereby that situation or object is created (Mead, 1934, p. 78).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mead believes that individual identity influences the mind to make people interact with one another. The mind becomes a tool used to promoted active participation in the community activities (Mead, 1934).Erving Goffman’s interpretations of the constitutionand reproduction of individual identityErving Goffman’s interpretation of the constitution and reproduction of individual identity is based on different aspects of individualà ¢â‚¬â„¢s personality. Goffman states that there are different meanings of the term â€Å"identity†. He defines three meanings: â€Å"social identity†, â€Å"personal identity† and â€Å"ego identity† (qtd. in Manning, 1992, p. 98). Goffman’s interpretation of identity is based on the connection between social identity and individual identity. Together, social identity and individual identity reflect some significant aspects of self, which are â€Å"socially in play with others, affecting them and affected by them† (Burns, p. 26). Goffman’s works are developed to highlight the role of individual identity in social development. He gives explanation to the self in order to effectively manage social interaction. Yet, the understanding of Goffman’s ideas leads to the underestimation of the complexity of the theoretical perspective developed by him. Goffman discusses the peculiarities of performing social interaction and the ways to sustain social order (Goffman, 1970; Goffman, 1967). According to Burkitt (1991), â€Å"Goffman refuses to broach the question of which is the most real, the presentational front or the self of the actor who is behind it†(p.70). In his theoretical approach to the study of individual identity, he is focused on two selves: â€Å"the self who is a mask and the residual self that it hides† (Burkitt, 1991, p. 70).In addition, Goffman discusses the nature of the concept of embarrassment that can be characterized as an individual’s possibility to participate in face-to-face interaction. It may occur â€Å"whenever an individual is felt to have projected incompatible definition of himself before those present† (Goffman, 1967, p. 97). Actually, these projections occur in certain social environment where incompatible principles of social interaction are prevalent. In case of the conflict between these principles, embarrassment performs its social function. Social e ncounter is based on face-to-face interaction. Social construction of the self is associated with social encounter.In general, Goffman states that each self is socially constructed and requires the appropriate social interaction. He helps to assess the role of an individual’s ability to influence the formation of individual identity under social conditions, which not only shape human actions, but also limit them (Burns, 2002). The self that has been constructed in social interaction is active, aimed at realization of one’s own plans and desires (Goffman, 1967; Burns, 2002).The key similarities and differences between George Herbert Mead’s and Erving Goffman’s interpretations of the constitution and reproduction of individual identityLike Mead, Goffman provided many different categories, which are still applied to the field of sociology. He explores the significance of the rituals of social interaction and reveals the key dimensions of the self. The consti tution of identity, according to Goffman, is connected with the presentation of self with little real substance. Mead’s approach places emphasis on the role of social interaction in the construction of the self.However, Goffman has developed the idea of the concept of identity more systematically. According to Goffman, every individual faces considerable problems in his/her life that require modeling one’s self and making it perceptible to others (Goffman, 1970).   The works of Goffman have direct relation to symbolic interactionism. As the major characteristic of symbolic interactionism is the use of symbols, such as language, in human interaction in order to develop socially constructed reality, Goffman’s views regarding the role of individual identity and its constitution are relevant. Similar to Mead’s approach, Goffman refers to the significance of social intercourse. In general, from the symbolic interactionist perspective, socialization influence s individual identity. Due to the interaction of the self and society, it is possible to perceive social meanings, reinterpret them and give adequate response (Burkitt, 1991).   In other words, socialization can be defined as the continual formation of individual identity over time. According to Goffman (1971),â€Å"role is the basic unit of socialization† (p.105). Due to roles, individuals have an opportunity to perform concrete tasks in society and achieve success. Besides, roles help to highlight the qualities of individuals, their self-image and responses of others.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In fact, the theories of Mead and Goffman help to better understand the impact of identity on social interaction and assess the effectiveness of symbolic interactionism.   Goffman is focused on subjectivity of social life. He compares social interaction to different elements of social life, including â€Å"a carefully staged play†, â€Å"defined rolesâ₠¬  and other elements that influence interaction. Social life can be viewed as real-life drama, in which each individual performs its role. As a result, it is impossible to separate an individual’s identity from an individual’s performance. He writes,A correctly staged and performed character leads the audience to impute a self to a performed character, but his imputation – this self – is a product of a scene that comes off and is not a cause of it. The self, then, as a performed character, is not an organic unit that has a specific location †¦it is a dramatic effect arising diffusely from a scene that is presented (Goffman,1971, p.23)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Goffman characterizes identity as â€Å"a dramatic effect† because it equates the self and the mind. The self can be viewed as an effect, if identity is performed. In other words, the self becomes the major source of a wide range of activities performed by individuals , as well as their beliefs and ideas. Goffman considers that the capabilities of individual identities play a significant role in the realization of social performance. These views are not connected with Mead’s theory of the self. According to researchers, Goffman’s dramaturgical theory regarding the role of the self and identity differs from Mead’s views in the field of social psychology (Manning, 1992; Mead, 1925).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In contrast to Goffman’s views, Mead provides an opportunity to see the distinction between the two parts of â€Å"the self† – the â€Å"I†, which characterizes immediate consciousness, and the â€Å"me†, which defines the product of performance or interaction of an individual (Mead, 1925). This fact means that Mead’s explanation of â€Å"the self† is taken from the practical action of an individual and social interaction (Brym, Lie, 2009; Manning, 1992).Co nclusion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus, it is necessary to conclude that George Herbert Mead’s and Erving Goffman’s interpretations of the constitution and reproduction of individual identity have very much in common, but, at the same time, there are certain differences between them. One of these approaches to individual identity is superior to the other. Goffman’s approach provides more systematic understanding of the presentation of one’s individual identity in social interaction.   The sociological concept of identity, according to both Mead and Goffman, was established as individual characteristic combined with social interaction. The self can be viewed as an individual’s identity. Goffman’s ideas highlight the significance of cooperation between individuals. Goffman’s approach is more influential than Mead’s approach, although Goffman explored some themes developed by Mead in his works. In general, two theorists Mead and Goffman contributed to the study of sociology that has a strong impact on the way sociology as a science is represented now.   Their works share some similarities regarding the construction of identity.

Answer 11 questionsthis is not an essay Assignment

Answer 11 questionsthis is not an essay - Assignment Example The dance was introduced in 1953 by a Cuban violinist called Enrique Jorrà ­n. This dance has split fourth beat. A person begins the dance by starting with the second beat. Enrique also introduced this dance style in London, and it is currently referred to as the ballroom cha-cha (Andrews 7). 3. The rumba music started in Cuba as an integration of many musical practices. Rumba in Cuba is played through both the triple-pulse and the double-pulse structures (Andrews 3). Rumba is rhythmically played using the five-stroke system referred to as clave. The current types of rumba are; Columbia, yambu and guaguanco. The three rumba types are unique, due to different choreography. 4. Samba refers to a Brazilian dance. The dance style originated in Brazil; however, it has African roots which were influenced through slave trade. The Bahian Samba dance is currently a UNESCO Heritage is Humanity (Andrews 10), and it is mostly played in Rio de Janeiro. The samba is traditionally played by various percussion and guitar types. On 2nd December ever year in Brazil, celebration of the Samba National day is held. 5. Carlos Santana is a Mexican American musician, who was very famous in the 1960s and 1970s. His Santana band initiated the integration of Latin American music with rock music. He has won numerous music awards; for example 10 Grammy awards (Andrews 15). The guitar lines of Carlos were usually based on the African and Latin rhythms. His popularity in the world music industry was again felt towards the end of the 1990s. 7. The Andean music ensemble is currently a music type with global audience because; native sounds of the music has been continuously mixed with music form applicable to modern and middle class Europeans. 8. Peruvian wayno is a popular type of Andean music common in Peru, Chile and Argentina. It is performed by various ethic groups, for example the Quechua and the Aymara societies. Its superior character

The spread of diseases on poor countries Research Paper

The spread of diseases on poor countries - Research Paper Example This paper illustrates that in some cases, diseases of poverty are considered to be obstacles to economic development that would curb poverty. In contrast to diseases of poverty are diseases of affluence. Affluence diseases are ailments or disabilities that are more prevalent in developed countries. Activists claim that virtually all diseases of poverty in underdeveloped countries are neglected. Many scholars argue that the pharmaceutical industry has not taken any substantial steps in investing and has failed to devote sufficient efforts in research for these diseases. It is estimated that nearly 14 million people die every year due to diseases of poverty. A large proportion of these diseases are curable with existing medicines with some actually been avoidable. Notably, most of these diseases in underdeveloped countries stems from poverty. These societies are plagued by poor nutrition, lack of access to the quality or proper sanitation, poor health education, and increased air poll ution. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 45% of the diseases in underdeveloped countries are associated with poverty. Alone, Gastroenteritis which is commonly associated with diarrhea is responsible for approximately 1.9 million deaths in young children every year with the majority of these been from low-income countries. Based on research, some of these diseases have been neglected. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention identifies these diseases as priorities for health actions considering the number of people infected. Tuberculosis is the leading diseases in causing death across the globe.

Influences of Japanese Culture and Cuisine

Influences of Japanese Culture and Cuisine Globalization can be described as an ongoing process where resources, believes, ideas and technology from different cultures are integrated to each other and promote new ways of thinking and practices among the society. As a continuing progression, globalization aroused from the influences of other cultures, which has been adapted with the local cultural conditions and modified to fit in the context of social behaviour. The external influences will directly override some local particularities, and the culture itself will be altered, or maybe damaged, or even enhanced, according to the perspective of society life. Therefore, the expression of culture itself will be interpreted and analysed in different way which encouraged the people to think, act, and learn the new disciplines in every aspect of life. These processes, hence, have an outcome of a cultural diversity, in which introducing the local values in global culture. In other words, it offered a global and local linkage of social changes that happened in the nation. Looking through the contemporary social life, globalization has become a major issue all over the world. Many countries have developed new approaches in most of the living aspects, and transformed peoples lifestyle in order to follow the major flow that happened globally. In todays modern days, globalization can act as a tool to open the opportunities of influence by other countries, and expand the cross-cultural interaction that may build up the cohesion among the nation. Globalization, however, implies to westernization in present days. The nature of western countries seems to appear as a science based tradition and the world is highly developed towards that tradition, as a sense of control. These global forces appear to superficially standardized and homogenized cultures, and equivalent to westernization. Majority of cultures are converging to the western standards, local identities have been replaced with global culture, and western values have become significant trends in this modern world. Looking at Singapore, a cosmopolitan city, where variety of cultures merges together, is one of a good example of a country that embraces globalization. Besides accepting the westernization, Singapore has been spanning borders through other cultures, such as Malay, Chinese, Indian, and Caucasian. These four interwoven cultures has created a genuine blending of traditions, believes, and ideas. A fusion of cultures in which Singapore brought in, has created a multi-disciplinary notions and practices, rooted in many cultural traditions. This synthesis has altered and transforms the peoples way of life according to the local context. On the other hand, not only western value that the world, including Singapore, has been developing on, but also majority of the countries have welcoming influences from Asian culture. Japan has brought a significant shift in the worlds globalization. Beside westernization, it has been become a popular culture among the world. Japanese culture has generated a different approach in global trends. Its tradition does not rest on science based technology and for them technology is a choice, not a necessity. Japan has greatly developed their long standing traditions towards something that instinctive rather than rationalistic way of thinking, like what the western do. Japan has its own original characteristic, which has a capacity to adapt and integrate new forms and function. Hence, there is no doubt that Japanese influence has an impact on the worlds culture, such as, in space, design, architecture, style, and even food culture. There is no large city in the world in which a Japanese restaurant cannot be found. Far from being a passing fad, Japanese cuisine is an establishment item in restaurants all over the world. The popularity of Japanese food is in part due to its reputation as a healthy alternative and also the curiosity and willingness to constantly introducing new tastes in their daily meals. Japanese way of dining, since the olden days, has put emphasized on food arrangement as a piece of art. For the Japanese, food must be enjoyed visually and pleasing to the eyes. They have developed the aesthetic sense to design exquisite harmony between colours, texture and shape throughout the food arrangement. This visual pleasure is an essential prelude and accompaniment to the savoury pleasure that follow. The influence of Japanese cuisine has been successfully creating a new atmosphere in Singapore food culture. It is proven that Singapore people accepted the taste and ambience of Japanese food by looking to the increasing number of sushi chain restaurant, such as Sushi Tei, Sakae Sushi; numerous traditional and contemporary Japanese restaurant, and also Japanese themed food court such as Ishimura and Manpuku. The diversity of food which has been influenced by Japanese cuisine, has become an inspiration for the designers to introduce innovative and exciting solutions to design dining spaces, through the essential aspect of Japanese dining and design in new ways that suit todays restaurant-goers. Recognizing the context of social behaviour in Singapore, innovation is the key elements for Singaporean. In terms of food culture, people like an excitement and it is a challenge for them to try something fresh and different, both in food and also ambience of dining space. Experience is another strong point, another extra ordinary atmosphere can attract people to get in and try a new restaurant. Besides the tendency to look for new things, the image of Singapore as a fast paced country gave an impact to the society. The time-oriented and multi-tasking people have built a busy working environment and hectic lifestyle in this metropolis city. Consequently, they are likely dont have time to have the luxury of enjoying social fellowship during the weekdays. This could be why it seems that forms of entertainment in Singapore tend to be designed to fit peoples activity on weekends. The big leisure activity that Singapore offers is shopping. There are numerous numbers of malls and shopping centres have been build or even renovated to drag people in the shopping as an attraction. Other than shopping; casinos, theme parks, nature reserves, are the other forms of leisure that Singapore provided. Despite the fact that all those type of facilities can serve as a very relaxing and stress relieving activity, people need to spend their time on weekend to do these activities. By aware of the complexity of the contemporary condition,

Dramatic Iron In Tragedy Essay

Dramatic irony is endemic in the experience of the tragedy; people get shocked when tragedy strikes but they will murmur underneath that they had seen it coming though the victims did realize it. Neighbors and friends read signs of death, they are afraid to it directly or try to tell it indirectly and the victims can not believe or just cannot understand. Tragedy sometimes strikes when least expected, Lindsay a beautiful young Woman of two, separated from her husband because he abused her physically, her estranged her husband did not accept the separation though it was authorized by a local judge. He visited her house often and without notifying her in advance, he claimed that house was still his home because they had bought the house together before he started in drinking before that ruined their relationship and turned their home into a battle field. Lindsay had no problem with that he was still the father of her children, though she no longer loved him, in fact she was seeing granted so that they could marry. She knew Andy would be jealousy if he got a wind that there was another man in her life but didn’t think much about it and when Andy bumped on them kissing on the coach, she didn’t think there was anything to worry about, furthermore they had decided that they should move on, in the best way each one knew. Andy reacted coolly, and seemed to be okay as the shook hands with Lindsay’s new man, she was surprised by his calmness and understanding. When Andy offered to take Lindsay and their children out for dinner, she suggested that her new boyfriend should also as he had already met him and even implied that if he was seeing someone he should also come with her. It didn’t seem to be a good ideal to her man but she managed to convince him and together they left in Andy’s car towards a local restaurant. Andy was quite jovial through out the evening, talking nostalgically of the old times they had shared as a family, he made it clear that he was fine and would respect. Lindsay’s decision to move on, he promised to help hasten the divorce to set her free. Andy drove his family and their new friend home, but as soon as he parked the car, he left outside and he held a pistol in hands he pulled he trigger and shot Lindsay and her man as he mocked them, telling them they can marry in hell. Luckily he did not kill his children but he turned the pistol to it and placed it on hid head, pulled the trigger and died on the spot. Lindsay was dead, her children became orphans, and she knew that Andy still bred her; some of her friends had warned her that it was too soon to enter into another relationship but she had not hindered their advice. They knew Andy would get crazy with jealousy, some of them would not even believe that he had not started a fight with Lindsay’s boyfriend on the first day he savo together. Family members must have worried about Andy’s welfare especially after they realized that Lindsay was saving someone else, they knew how possessive he was with her, the guessed that he could harm the man they knew that there was no way to take the pain and reaction he felt and so they just waited for time to heal his wounds. However, tragedy struck and all they could now say was they had seen it coming. Most tragedies that happen are as a result of all careless mistakes for instance when someone dies in road accident, people will always say they knew it would happen, may be they will talk about his careless and fast driving or say that he left very angry or struck, they saw him getting into the vehicle but did not stop him and he goes and trashes and dies. In every tragedy there is dramatic irony, and no matter how many tragedies strike people are always shocked and they never learn to stop the. Dramatic irony s endemic in the experience of tragedy, think of the humblest that killed may in the united states, the US had now with Iraq, they knew they would strike them but did not take much precautions neither did they try to stop them, until the tragedy struck. When a bus gets involved in an accident, the lucky passengers that bus had been driving careless before the us crashed, they will have felt it before it happens but do nothing to stop it. I can use this to justify that dramatic irony is endemic in the experience of tragedy, and it will always be, no matter how hard we try. References Barnard B. A and Winn F. (2005); Access to Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry and Drama; Amazon publishers, New York Diayanni R. (1997); Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry, drama and the Essay Amazon publishers, New York Dawson C. and Flood J. (2000); Spotlight on Literature; McMillan series Kennedy X. J and Gioia D. (2004); Literature: An introduction to Fiction, Poetry and drama Interactive edition 9th Edition. Royle T. ; (1999); Scottish Literature: McMillan series -Introduction to Literature: McMillan series -Enjoying Literature: McMillan series -Understanding Literature: McMillan series -American Literature: McMillan series English and Western Literature: McMillan series

Hunger Games Survival Essay

The game is designed to kill you. From the first moment when you are dropped into the merciless jungle, you are actively trying to be killed. Forgetting the band of other survivors that are effortlessly searching for you, there are many terrors you must be ready for. To prepare for these, you must have a good shelter, a way to find food and water, and a positive mental attitude. A shelter is arguably the most important of the 10 essentials in survival. Without a shelter, you could get soaking in rain or snow, and subsequently, die from the moisture. You will get bitterly cold during the night and die in your sleep. So Katness knew she needed a good shelter. One that would keep her warm and dry, as well as mobile. She built two kinds of shelter; one was high in a tree, both to protect her from the indigenous, and to keep her off of the moist ground. She knew that sitting directly on cold or snow covered ground will increase the rate of heat loss drastically. So even in the tree, she put her jacket below her and her towel above her protect her from the elements, both below her and above her. The second shelter she built was a makeshift debris hut. She found the base of a huge redwoody type of tree, which provided a stable back and added protection from snowfall and climate protection. She, one again, added a blanket to the floor as well as many ribs on her debris hut and foliage both for camouflage and climate protection. Finding food and water in this Amazonian jungle proved difficult. As two of the ten essentials, food and water are necessary in survival. Luckily, she brought enough nutrient rich power bars with her to surpass the amount of time she needed to. She was also aware to not over work, and keep a 60% rule when searching so her power bars would be sufficient. Finding water, was much more difficult. Water is scarce in many jungle environments, so she had to take little bits of snow in a bottle and let it melt over time and drink it. Eating straight snow will actually make you thirstier than without it, good thing she new that. Even with a stable shelter, a substantial food and water supply, and a sense of safety, she was still finding it difficult to keep a positive mental attitude, or PMA. Without a positive mental attitude, someone in a survival situation could lose hope of being found or surviving the night, and could just die. That is why she does simple activities to keep a PMA. She thinks about here friends and family back home, her boyfriend who is also stuck in this jungle, and other activities to keep her motivated and keep her striving to survive this unfortunate event. Due to her knowledge of the 10 essentials, knowing how to build a shelter, and the power to keep a positive mental attitude, Katness made it out of this treacherous situation. This may have been a movie, but this is a real world situation that anyone could have found themselves in. The opportunity to learn about the 10 essentials, or how to build an adequate debris hut, is an opportunity that you do not want to miss. These life-saving tips have not only helped Katness make it out of the Hunger Games, but it may also help you make it out of a life or death situation of your own.

Revisiting, Revising, and Reviving Americas Founding Era

Most Americans nowadays like to think that they have the American Revolution pretty well figured out. Conventional wisdom starts the saga in 1763 when Britain, saddled with debt at the close of the Seven Years War, levied new taxes that prompted her American colonists to resist, and then to reject, imperial rule. Having declared independence and defeated the British, American patriots then drafted the constitution that remains the law of the land to this day. With George Washingtons inauguration as president in 1789, the story has a happy ending and the curtain comes down. This time-honored script renders the road from colonies to nation clear, smooth, and straight, with familiar landmarks along the way, from Bostons Massacre and Tea†¦show more content†¦They believed that these years were the most important in American history, indeed the most important in the history of the world. Tis not the affair of a city, a country, a province, or a kingdom, but of a continent--of at least one eighth part of the habitable globe, insisted Thomas Paine in January 1776, urging Americans toward independence. Tis not the concern of a day, a year, or an age; posterity are virtually involved in the contest, and will be more or less affected, even to the end of time, by the proceedings now. Fifty years later Jefferson, reflecting on the meaning of July 4, 1776, echoed Paine on that moments significance. May it be to the world, what I believe it will be, (to some parts sooner, to others later, but finally to all), the signal of arousing men to burst the chains under which monkish ignorance and superstition had persuaded them to bind themselves, and assume the blessings of self-government. Thanks to the Revolution, Jefferson concluded, All eyes areShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagespoints both before the year 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a predictable culmination of the long nineteenth century, which was ushered in by the industrial and political revolutions of the late